Phase-preserving amplification near the quantum limit with a Josephson ring modulator

Authors: 
N. Bergeal, R. Vijay, V. E. Manucharyan, I. Siddiqi, R. J. Schoelkopf, S. M. Girvin, M. H. Devoret
Name of the Journal: 
Nature
Date of Pub: 
May 6, 2010
Year of Publication: 
2010
Volume: 
465
Issue: 
7294
Pages: 
64-68
Publisher Name, Address and Year: 
Macmillan Publishers Limited
Abstract: 

Recent progress in solid state quantum information processing has stimulated the search for ultra-low-noise amplifiers and frequency converters in the microwave frequency range, which could attain the ultimate limit imposed by quantum mechanics. In this article, we report the first realization of an intrinsically phase-preserving, non-degenerate superconducting parametric amplifier, a so far missing component. It is based on the Josephson ring modulator, which consists of four junctions in a Wheatstone bridge configuration. The device symmetry greatly enhances the purity of the amplification process and simplifies both its operation and analysis. The measured characteristics of the amplifier in terms of gain and bandwidth are in good agreement with analytical predictions. Using a newly developed noise source, we also show that our device operates within a factor of three of the quantum limit. This development opens new applications in the area of quantum analog signal processing.